A great perfume does more than smell good. It introduces you before you say a word, lingers in a room long after you have left and, when chosen well, becomes as recognizable as your handwriting. But finding the right scent, and knowing how to wear it, is something most people figure out through trial and error alone.

Tiffany Humphries, a perfume expert and fragrance vendor with deep experience in scent layering, longevity and building a lasting fragrance wardrobe, sat down to share what she wishes every shopper knew before stepping up to the fragrance counter. Here are five things she wants you to keep in mind.

 Always try a fragrance on your skin before committing

This is the most important rule in fragrance shopping, and it is also the most frequently ignored one. A scent that smells beautiful on a paper strip or on someone else may smell entirely different on your skin, and that difference matters more than any marketing description or bottle design.

Fragrance interacts directly with your body’s chemistry and natural pheromones, which is why the same perfume can smell warm and inviting on one person and flat or sharp on another. The only way to truly know whether a scent works for you is to spray it on your wrist, let it settle for at least 30 minutes and experience how it develops over time. If it still feels right after that, it is likely a genuine match.

 Match the scent to the personality and the climate

When buying fragrance as a gift, shoppers often default to what they personally enjoy, which is not always the most thoughtful approach. Humphries recommends thinking carefully about both the recipient’s personality and the climate they live in, since both factors play a significant role in how a fragrance performs and feels.

Lighter, citrus forward and fresh scents tend to open up beautifully in warm weather, as do certain florals like jasmine, orange blossom and tuberose. For colder climates or fall and winter gifting, richer formulas built around amber, vanilla, spice and woodsy notes tend to feel more fitting and last longer on the skin. An outgoing, energetic person may gravitate toward something bright and vibrant, while someone more understated might prefer a quieter, more enveloping warmth.

Layer your fragrances to make them uniquely yours

For anyone with more than one bottle on their shelf, layering is one of the most effective and underused techniques in fragrance. Combining two complementary scents from the same collection or with similar notes creates a combination that is entirely personal and far less likely to be replicated by someone wearing one of those fragrances on its own.

Humphries recommends starting with the most concentrated formula first, applying it directly to the skin, then layering a lighter version of the same scent on top. This lifts the notes and extends how long the fragrance stays present throughout the day. She also suggests applying an unscented or complementary-scented lotion to the skin before spraying, since fragrance adheres better to moisturized skin and fades more slowly as a result.

Do not dismiss eau de toilette based on concentration alone

One of the most persistent misconceptions in fragrance shopping is the idea that eau de toilette formulas are always shorter lasting or inferior to eau de parfum versions. Humphries pushes back on this firmly. Many fragrance brands launched originally as toilettes long before parfum concentrations were introduced, and some of the most beloved fresh and citrus forward scents were designed specifically in toilette form because that concentration suits them best.

Whether a fragrance lasts on your skin has far more to do with your individual body chemistry than the concentration of oil in the bottle. An eau de parfum that does not connect with your chemistry may fade faster than a toilette that harmonizes with it perfectly. The better question to ask is not which concentration is stronger, but which one smells best and lasts longest on you specifically.

Build a wardrobe of scents, not just a single signature

Just as most people dress differently for different seasons and occasions, fragrance works best when treated as a wardrobe rather than a single choice. Humphries recommends having at least one scent for warmer months, leaning toward citrus, fruity, floral and fresh profiles, and at least one for fall and winter, where woodsy, warm and spiced notes come into their own.

Her current trending recommendation is the Marc Jacobs Perfect collection, which she describes as a versatile blend of rhubarb, almond milk, cashmere and cedarwood that transitions easily across seasons and occasions. For a timeless anchor to any fragrance wardrobe, she points to Burberry Her EDP, a fruity floral that she says resonates across generations and never feels out of place regardless of the year or the trend cycle.

Fragrance, like fashion, moves with the seasons. Having a small, considered collection means you always have the right scent for the moment, and the freedom to layer them into something entirely your own.