As the years pass, skin can change in ways that go beyond fine lines and changes in firmness. Small growths, spots and bumps may begin appearing in places where the skin once looked completely smooth.
These changes can be surprising, but many are common as people move through midlife. Experts say factors such as accumulated sun exposure, hormonal shifts, genetics and the natural aging process can all play a role.
Five skin changes, in particular, tend to become more noticeable with age.
1. Skin tags
Skin tags are small, soft growths that often develop in areas where skin rubs against skin or clothing. They commonly appear around the underarms, beneath the breasts and in other skin folds.
Dermatologists say repeated friction can contribute to their formation. Hormonal changes can also make them more likely to appear during certain stages of life.
Skin tags are also associated with insulin resistance and may be more common among people with higher body weight.
Although removal products are widely available, dermatologists recommend having these growths evaluated and removed professionally when desired. Cutting, burning or pulling at them at home can lead to irritation, infection or recurrence.
A dermatologist may remove a skin tag by trimming, freezing or using another appropriate in-office technique.
2. Cherry angiomas
Those tiny red spots that begin appearing on the arms, torso or legs may be cherry angiomas. They can be flat or slightly raised and are made up of small blood vessels close to the skin’s surface.
They are common among adults and can become more numerous or noticeable with age. Genetics may also influence whether someone develops them.
Cherry angiomas generally do not require treatment. However, anyone who wants one removed should see a dermatologist rather than attempting to puncture or pick at it.
Depending on its size and location, a dermatologist may remove a cherry angioma through freezing, shaving or other procedures. Certain vascular lasers can also target the blood vessels that create the red appearance.
3. Milia
Small, firm white bumps around the eyes or cheeks may be milia. These tiny cysts develop when keratin becomes trapped beneath the surface.
Changes in skin cell turnover can make milia more noticeable with age, while accumulated sun exposure may also contribute. Certain rich skin care products can sometimes play a role.
Milia may disappear without treatment, but a dermatologist can remove persistent bumps using a sterile technique. Some people may also benefit from topical retinoids or gentle exfoliation, depending on their skin and the advice of a qualified professional.
Trying to squeeze milia at home can irritate the surrounding skin and leave marks.
4. Seborrheic keratoses
Seborrheic keratoses are raised growths that can have a waxy, rough or slightly textured appearance. They may look as though they are sitting on top of the skin and can range from light brown to darker shades.
They become more common with age, and genetics and accumulated sun exposure may contribute. Friction from clothing can also irritate them.
Because some skin growths can resemble other conditions, it is wise to have a new or changing spot evaluated by a medical professional. If removal is appropriate, dermatologists have several options, including freezing, shaving or scraping.
5. Sun spots
Flat brown patches known as solar lentigines, or sun spots, commonly appear on areas that receive regular sun exposure. The face, hands, shoulders and chest are frequent locations.
They develop when ultraviolet exposure prompts pigment producing cells to create more melanin. Although these spots are generally benign, some can resemble early skin conditions that require medical attention.
A dermatologist can determine whether a spot needs further evaluation and discuss cosmetic treatment options. Depending on the individual, treatments may include certain lasers or light based procedures.
The simplest way to help prevent additional sun spots is consistent sun protection. Using sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, along with protective clothing, hats and sunglasses, can help limit future ultraviolet exposure.
When to see a dermatologist
Midlife changes are often a normal part of getting older, but that does not mean every new spot should automatically be ignored. A dermatologist can help determine what a growth or discoloration is and whether treatment is appropriate.
Most importantly, resist the urge to remove unfamiliar growths yourself. Professional evaluation can provide reassurance while helping ensure that a changing area receives the right care.
